Caracterização epidemiológica dos casos de febre tifoide nas regiões brasileiras, no período de 2012-2016

Abstract

Typhoid fever is one of the oldest recorded diseases in Western literature that brings, even today, social and economic losses. It is an acute pathology whose risk factors are related to the socioeconomic fragility of the population. The agent etiological is the bacillus Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, which has the human species as exclusive host. In Brazil, all regions have registered cases of the disease, but in the North and Northeast States this statistic is more evident. Thus, knowing the characteristics of typhoid fever infection becomes important. characterize, quantify and describe the epidemiological profile of reported cases of typhoid fever in the regions Brazilians, from 2012 to 2016, comparing the findings between these regions. He was A descriptive, analytical and retrospective study was carried out, using data secondary data obtained from the DATASUS website (www2.datasus.gov.br). We studied the information from the regions of Brazil from 2012 to 2016, with the variables gender, age group, education and clinical outcome. The data were tabulated for analysis and preparation of graphics. There were 440 cases registered between 2012 and 2015 in Brazil, with data from 2016 were not available at the time of collection for the survey, and the North region had the highest record of these (80.23%) and the South region the lowest (0.68%). possibly due to the different patterns of urbanization and sanitation in the regions. You men were the most affected (58.86%), and occupational and environment in this result. Individuals aged between 1 and 39 years were most affected (72.96%), and immunity and occupational factors may also be related. Regarding education, there was a predominance among those whose level was elementary school. (27.73%), possibly due to the regions with the highest number of cases having a lower proportion of young people attending higher education, in disparity with other regions. As for the clinical outcome, 64.77% of the patients had their cure notified and 0.91% died, 34.32% of the individuals had their clinical outcome ignored or left in white, which makes it difficult to estimate the real impacts that typhoid fever had during these years. It is concluded that typhoid fever is more frequent in regions where there is low quality of infrastructure and sanitation, as well as reduced access to adequate health services.