Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Amapá - RIUNIFAP

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O RIUNIFAP é uma iniciativa para preservação e disseminação da Produção Intelectual da UNIFAP, compartilhando o Conhecimento produzido na Universidade com a Comunidade.

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Saberes culturais e o protagonismo das crianças no Centro Cultural Raízes do Marabaixo em Mazagão Velho - AP
(UNIFAP - Universidade Federal do Amapá, 2025-06-26) SILVA, Delcirene Videira da; FOSTER, Eugénia da Luz Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4609696110268688; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0807-0789
This dissertation focuses on the cultural knowledge and leadership of children at the Raízes do Marabaixo Cultural Center in the city of Mazagão Velho, Amapá (AP), Brazil. As a starting point, I discuss the importance of the Raízes do Marabaixo Cultural Center in the process of belonging for children who participate in cultural activities at the cultural space in Mazagão Velho. The objective of the research was to analyze the role of children in the activities of the Raízes do Marabaixo Cultural Center in Mazagão Velho, Amapá, Brazil. The center's activities are focused on preserving historical knowledge, cultural practices, and local Black identity. Therefore, the research question sought to answer whether children are involved in the activities organized by the Raízes do Marabaixo Cultural Center and how this rebuilds and strengthens their Black identity. I defend the idea that the Raízes do Marabaixo Cultural Center in Mazagão Velho contributes to keeping history, knowledge, and cultural practices alive through the activities developed with children. I also believe that dialogue with the school helps to strengthen the cultural identity of the community. However, it became evident that, at certain times, the education of children at the cultural center deviates from the school's educational principles. The research was developed based on a theoretical and methodological framework grounded in critical and socio-historical analysis, based on Videira (2010), Maldonado Torres (2022), Foster (2016), Freire (2015), Brandão (1984), Munanga (2019), Boyer (2008), Videira and Vasconcelos (2020), Pinheiro (2023), Milanesi (1997), Ramos (2007), Silva (1905), Gomes (2003), Loureiro (1995), Hall (2019), Minayo (1994), Bauer and Gaskell (2008) and others. The methodology is based on a qualitative approach, using a case study method. The research techniques were implemented through the researcher's participant observation of the teaching and learning process in the development of the workshops at the center and at the school, photographic recording, semi-structured interviews with the CCRM coordinator, testimonials, and dialogue circles with the children, analyzed through Bardin’s (2015) content analysis framework. Through workshop observations, I noted the significance of the cultural space for Mazagão’s Black community. The culture of Mazagão Velho reflects the significance of the Amapá people’s history, with its African-origin cultural legacy passed down through generations via oral traditions, sustaining Black identity. However, it should be noted that the activities carried out at the Raízes do Marabaixo Cultural Center in Mazagão Velho have shortcomings in terms of administration and management. Currently, the center is closed and without managers, which compromises the continuity of its operations. In terms of physical infrastructure, the space is affected by deterioration and neglect, which impacts the center's ability to carry out its educational functions effectively. In addition, the lack of communication between the school and the center prevents effective collaboration, resulting in isolated activities and a lack of synergy between the institutions. These issues pose a major challenge for the institutions involved, which must overcome adversity in order to preserve culture and build the identity of the children of Mazagão Velho.
O financiamento da assistência estudantil na UNIFAP: execução e distribuição orçamentária dos recursos do PNAES (2018–2024)
(UNIFAP - Universidade Federal do Amapá, 2025-08-22) NATIVIDADE, Aldo do Socorro Almeida; ANDRADE, Antônia Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4663057745872110
This dissertation is justified by its academic relevance, seeking to contribute to the debate on social justice, public funding, and equity in higher education. By focusing on the Amazonian context, the study highlights the limits and potential of student aid as a retention policy, emphasizing the importance of strengthening it in the face of regional inequalities. The research analyzes the financing of student assistance at the Federal University of Amapá (UNIFAP), focusing on the application and distribution of budgetary resources allocated to student aid for in-person undergraduate programs between 2018 and 2024. It begins with the observation that the expansion of public higher education in peripheral regions occurs under fiscal constraints that compromise the effectiveness of retention policies. The method is guided by historical-dialectical materialism, supported by Content Analysis (Bardin, 2016) of a study analyzing institutional documents and budgetary data. It addresses the contradictions of higher education policy in Brazil, highlighting the tension between the right to education and the commodification of the sector, influenced by international organizations and reinforced by reforms such as Reuni and austerity measures. The analysis of budget execution demonstrates a proportionally higher concentration of resources in programs with longer course loads and in contexts of greater socioeconomic vulnerability, such as Rural Education.Undergraduate programs with high course loads and intense academic demands, such as Medicine, Nursing, and Physiotherapy, also stand out in the allocation of resources. In the case of Medicine, there is a significantly higher demand for housing assistance, coupled with the significant presence of students from other states. Additionally, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic led to a temporary reconfiguration in the allocation of aid, with an emphasis on emergency and digital benefits, later replaced by the resumption of traditional structural aid.
Entre a formação e a (trans)formação experiências e resistências de estudantes trans na Universidade Federal do Amapá
(UNIFAP - Universidade Federal do Amapá, 2025-07-17) FERNANDES, Kai Henrique Silva; PEREIRA, Alexandre Adalberto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4232386051172176; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4029-1415
Esta investigación investiga las experiencias y estrategias de resistencia de estudiantes trans en la Universidad Federal de Amapá (UNIFAP), analizando las intersecciones de género, raza y clase en la educación superior. La hipótesis central busca comprender cómo las trayectorias y experiencias de vida de estudiantes trans (travestis, transexuales, transgéneros y personas no binarias) se ven afectadas por estos marcadores sociales, especialmente en el enfrentamiento de las micro y macro violencias, en la construcción de redes de apoyo y en el desarrollo de prácticas de resistencia frente a los sistemas de opresión colonial presentes en el ámbito educativo. El objetivo general del estudio es comprender cómo estas intersecciones construyen sentido en las trayectorias de estos estudiantes, centrándose en los procesos de enfrentamiento de la violencia, la formación de redes de apoyo y el desarrollo de prácticas de resistencia en los espacios educativos. En concreto, buscamos (1) analizar, desde una perspectiva interseccional y decolonial, los procesos de afrontamiento de la violencia y las estrategias de resistencia de estos estudiantes; (2) mapear la diversidad de experiencias educativas de las personas trans matriculadas en los cursos de Licenciatura y Pregrado de la UNIFAP, a través de sus narrativas e informes; y (3) examinar las percepciones de los estudiantes trans sobre el clima institucional de la UNIFAP, identificando las barreras a la inclusión y las redes de apoyo existentes. La investigación adopta un enfoque cualitativo, utilizando entrevistas narrativas, cuestionarios semiestructurados y análisis documental. El análisis de datos se realizará con base en el enfoque analítico de Dussel (1999), lo que permitirá comprender las relaciones entre exclusión y resistencia en el entorno académico. Los resultados esperados incluyen contribuciones a políticas educativas más inclusivas y la valorización de las epistemologías trans en la universidad.
Financiamento da educação nos estados da região norte: implicações do FUNDEB permanente na distribuição dos recursos
(UNIFAP - Universidade Federal do Amapá, 2025-06-30) OLIVEIRA, Francisca Antonia da Costa; ANDRADE, Antonia Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4663057745872110
Education financing policy has historically been subject to interference from national and multilateral organizations, primarily due to the dispute over public funds and the public budget, which should finance the development of public education in the country. This study investigates the implications of the permanent Fundeb on the distribution of resources. From this perspective, the overall objective is to analyze the implications of the distribution of resources from the Fund for the Maintenance and Development of Basic Education and the Appreciation of Professionals in Education (Fundeb) to state education systems in the Northern Region. The methodological approach is based on the assumptions of Historical-Dialectical Materialism (HDM), which enables social and historical investigations. The research is documentary, with a quantitative and qualitative approach, based on the critical and detailed analysis of documents, the main ones being: the Summary Reports of Budget Execution (RREO), available in the Public Education Budget Information System (SIOPE); the execution of federal expenditures, available on the Federal Budget Dashboard; data on federal government supplements, accessed from the National Treasury Secretariat (STN); and the Annual Budget Laws (LOA), obtained from the transparency portals of the states of the Northern Region. The documents analyzed revealed that, at the national level, given the disputes over public funds and the neoliberal policies established in the country, exorbitant percentages have been prioritized for the payment of public debt, compared to the percentages allocated to education spending. Regarding the implications of the permanent Fundeb, there has not yet been a significant percentage increase in resources for the state education networks of the Northern Region, since, in most states, the MDE percentages for compliance with constitutional limits have decreased compared to the years prior to the fund's approval. Furthermore, educational indicators, despite showing some improvements in certain aspects, remain among the worst in the country. Therefore, it is urgent to increase federal education funding, considering that it is the federative entity that contributes the lowest constitutional percentages to basic education.
Obtenção e caracterização do biocarvão de endocarpo de tucumã modificado com oxone® para adsorção de íons Cu2+ de soluções aquosas
(UNIFAP - Universidade Federal do Amapá, 2025-06-30) LACERDA, Izabelle Alexandra Rodrigues; FLORENTINO, Alexandro Cezar; FERREIRA, Irlon Maciel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9897023410899133; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-0105; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6152994413893554; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8880-9618
Copper plays a crucial role in various industrial processes; however, when present in high concentrations in aquatic ecosystems, it poses a threat to human health and aquatic organisms due to its toxicity and potential for bioaccumulation. In this dissertation, biochar was produced from the endocarp of tucumã-of-Pará (Astrocaryum vulgare) and chemically modified with Oxone® to evaluate its potential for removing Cu²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions. The obtained samples were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and surface area analysis (BET). Adsorption experiments were conducted using a central composite design, which showed that pH, adsorbent dosage, and initial copper concentration, as well as their interactions, were statistically significant variables (p < 0.05). Among these, copper concentration and pH had the greatest influence on adsorption capacity. According to the quadratic regression model, R² values of 0.9571 and 0.9410 were obtained for BC and BCO, respectively. More specifically, BC exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 38 mg g⁻¹ at pH 2.4 and a concentration of 0.0818 mol L⁻¹, while BCO showed a maximum capacity of 36 mg g⁻¹ under the same conditions. Therefore, although both materials proved to be efficient, BC demonstrated superior performance, indicating that modification with Oxone® is unnecessary for this application.