Avaliação de interações medicamentosas potenciais em pacientes idosos de um hospital público no Amapá

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate potential drug interactions (IMP) in elderly patients admitted to a public hospital in Amapá, in the years 2017 and 2018. Method: Retrospective and observational study, carried out through the analysis of medical records and medical prescriptions. For the analysis of drug interactions, the Micromedex® database was used, which classifies interactions by severity, onset of reactions, documentation, mechanism and clinical relevance. Results: Interactions are potential because they express the possibility of the event occurring. 189 charts and 3,025 prescriptions were analyzed. The average age was 71.8 years and the majority were men (55%). The number of medications per prescription ranged from 2 to 19, with an average per patient of 12.7. All patients in the study had some drug interaction. A total of 1,293 IMP were identified, most of which were classified as being more severe (60.4%), regular documentation (74.4%), unspecified onset of reaction (76.3%), pharmacokinetic mechanism (40.2) and type C clinical relevance (56.2%). The most frequent interaction was between Metoclopramide and Regular Human Insulin, classified as being more severe and at risk of generating hyperglycemia. Conclusions: Based on the results obtained, we can conclude that the IMPs mentioned here reveal the need to implement strategies aimed at the safety of elderly patients regarding the occurrence of IMP. The involvement of the multidisciplinary team in the evaluation of the medication regimen, especially physicians, nurses and pharmacists, is essential to prevent adverse reactions resulting from prescription errors and to promote patient safety.