União/Estado/Município na educação infantil: a LDBEN n. 9.394/96 e a gestão da rede estadual de ensino, no município de Macapá/AP (1995-2002)

Abstract

This research aims to analyze how the Amapá treated existing demands in the area of early childhood education in relation to the guidelines and Bases for national education (law n. 9.39496), during the period from 1995 to 2002, identifying what the conception of State who was present. The research falls into a critical and interdisciplinary dimension based on qualitative research. For both documentary research was held together with the comparative method among the eight years of the same public administration in which occurred the promulgation of that Law. The study was conducted in the State of Amapá in Brazil, having as locus/subject the State network in the city of Macapá, beyond the technical Division of early childhood education (DEI) and as a source of research, document was the State Department of education and other institutions, as well as collected by the professionals who worked in early childhood education. The problem was to ask: what is the treatment for Amapá, the early childhood education, with the advent of LDBEN No 9.39496 and which the conception of State who was present, directing the actions of the rulers during the proposed study. Questionings confirmed the hypothesis that early childhood education would be a burden to the State, as in the name of the law moved to early childhood education to Municipality, which eventually take over, almost entirely, the onus and bonuses that emanated from this abrupt decentralization. Such a premise considered that public policies aimed at early childhood education configured as secondary priority compared to spending on elementary school, demonstrating a conception of State which shows minimum in its responsibility with the educational area. It is concluded that the State lost the opportunity to make the law a pillar in strengthening the ECE, when what was envisioned to cost-cutting at the expense of the quality of a system of collaboration. In the period studied what was experienced a moment of dead ends, uncertainty, lived by society and by the institutions themselves, as for what courses would be given to this stage of education, showing the importance given to children within the State of Amapá in Brazil