Índice de Felicidade Interna Bruta de áreas urbana e peri-urbana ribeirinha do município de Santana/AP: relação entre urbanização e qualidade de vida

Abstract

It was a direct documentation, descriptive and quantitative research, aiming to verify the relationship between urbanization and level of quality of life of urban and peri-urban river areas’ residents in the municipality of Santana/AP, through the measurement of the Gross National Happiness index of this individuals. The research took place at the urban and peri-urban areas river, with the population made up of the residents of the respective areas. The sample consisted of 270 residents divided into three groups of individuals: the residents of central and suburbs of urban areas (areas 1 and 2), and the residents of riverside peri-urban area of the municipality (area 3). Subjects were chosen from the sampling technique by conglomerates in two stages, with 9 primary conglomerates (streets), 5 secondary conglomerates (residential) for each primary ones, and two individuals for each secondary, totaling thus 90 individuals for each subarea search. The sample of this research was made for subjects aged between 18 and 85 years old, of either sex, who resided for more than one year on-site research and who agreed to freely participate in the data collection. Were excluded from the study subjects with neurological problems, impaired ability to understand, speech or hearing impairment, and those who completed the data collection instrument improperly or gave up to keep as participants. Data collection was direct and occasional, applying adapted model of Gross National Happiness questionnaire proposed by Silva (2011). The statistical analysis was performed using the inferential statistical data through ANOVA 2 criteria Test and, when accused statistical difference between the areas, Tukey Test. The results showed that the amount of residents of riverside peri-urban area ranked as having the maximum rate of FIB, characteristic of a Very Good Quality of Life, showed a statistically significant difference from the number found in the two urban areas, with no significant difference between the two urban population with each other. The 4 most influential dimensions of FIB for the statistically higher rate of Very Good Quality of Life in the peri-urban population were the best relationship with the ecological environment in which they live (Ecological Diversity and Resilience), with the local community to which they belong (Cultural Diversity and Vitality Community) and the most satisfying use of their time. Thus, it was concluded that the characteristic features of the urbanization process have influenced the reduction in quality of life and the Gross National Happiness index of individuals