Avaliação psicofísica da função visual em pacientes com tuberculose em tratamento com etambutol e isoniazida no Centro de Referência em Doenças Tropicais CRDT - Macapá-AP

Abstract

Drug treatment for tuberculosis (TB) include neurotoxic drugs such as isoniazid and ethambutol, which admittedly can cause optic neuritis retrobulbar. The inflammatory process can lead to different changes in visual function. The study aimed to assess color vision and contrast sensitivity in spatial luminance TB patients at diagnosis, during treatment (15, 30 and 60 days) and after treatment of the intensive phase of TB (90 days). We tested 30 participants (63 eyes), 20 men and 10 women with TB, with a mean age (51 ± 15 years) and compared to the control group. For the assessment of color vision testing were used Spatial Color of Farnworth-Munsell 100-FM-test and the Contrast Sensitivity Function Space Luminance-FSCL (n = 63 eyes). The results of the patients were compared with 1.96 standard deviation of the mean of the control group (error = 63.73). The comparison between groups showed that there was significant difference between groups (two-way ANOVA measures p <.05). Before treatment no patient presented above error to the reference value. The average error increased FM-100 with the beginning of the treatment and reached the peak at 60 days after initiation of treatment. After completion of treatment (> 90 days) error values decreased, but still had not returned to control levels. The control group also showed good sensitivity to spatial contrast luminance higher than those obtained by the group of treated subjects who presented with 15 days and evolved in groups of 30 and 40 to 45 days, showed that the peak of impaired contrast sensitivity space in most spatial frequencies, especially at frequencies 0.2 to 10 cpd. For groups that are made use of ethambutol: group (0 days) did not differ from the control group and the group (90 days) performed better sensitivity than the groups who used the medication. TB patients had poorer performance than the untreated subjects in the test FM-100 and FSCL with a peak at 60 days after initiation of treatment and 90 days after partial reversibility