Análise físico-química e microbiológica da água utilizada pela comunidade estudantil da Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e Médio Augusto dos Anjos no bairro do Laguinho na cidade Macapá, Amapá

Abstract

This study to evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological quality of the water consumed by the students and staff of Escola Estadual Augusto dos Anjos, located in the neighborhood of Macapá, Amapá. Given that the water is sourced from an artesian well without prior treatment, concerns were raised regarding its safety for human consumption. Water samples were collected from four points within the school during two different periods—April (rainy season) and October (dry season) of 2024. The samples underwent physicochemical analysis for parameters such as iron, phosphorus, nitrate, nitrite, aluminum, pH, turbidity, color, chlorine, ammoniacal nitrogen, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solids. Microbiological tests were conducted to detect total coliforms and Escherichia coli. The results indicated that most physicochemical parameters were within the maximum permissible limits set by Brazilian regulations (CONAMA and GM/MS Ordinance No. 888/2021). However, deviations were observed in pH, color, and ammoniacal nitrogen values. While E. coli was not detected in any sample, total coliforms were present in some, rendering the water unsuitable for direct human consumption. The study concludes that, despite acceptable chemical quality in general, the presence of microbiological contamination highlights potential health risks. Thus, proper water treatment and continuous monitoring are essential to ensure the safety of the water consumed by the school community.