Mulheres no garimpo: percepção sobre saúde e doença na fronteira panamazônica

Abstract

Gold mining in Brazil is associated with the workforce resulting from processes of resource migration in poverty, which are directed to other regions of the country in search of an immediate solution to their problems of social reproduction and to a formation of population surpluses that generate aggravation of the social and health reality of the individuals where this type of activity is carried out. Added to this, the feminization of migration to the Amazon is a rising phenomenon. The objective of this dissertation was to understand the contexts of health and the disease of women in clandestine mining areas. Treatments of a quantitative and qualitative research, of exploratory and descriptive character, carried out in Ilha Bela, located in the district of Vila Brasil, in the municipality of Oiapoque, in the state of Amapá. Women working in garimpo areas on the international border of Amapá were included and excluded those who were under the influence of alcohol and / or other drugs. A total of 19 women were interviewed using a semi-structured interview technique and a sociodemographic form. The analysis was performed through Dialectical Hermeneutics and descriptive analysis. Based on the results found, predominantly young, northerly and northeastern women, black and brown, with low schooling, "friendly" and who predominantly perform a cook and miter role in the garimpo. The motivation for working in areas was driven by the love relationship. With regard to sexual and reproductive health, heterosexual women predominated, with two children, between 10 and 17 years of age. They did not use a condom at the first sexual intercourse and referred to the use of condoms in stable relationships. An expressive number has never conducted rapid testing for Sexually Transmitted Infections. They seek health care in French Guiana and leishmaniasis and malaria are the most recurrent illnesses. This context is setting up the environment of transboundary garimpage becoming complex of the negligent population, the isolation and migratory challenge of the aircraft in the health and spa parking in the aid of health. Preventive measures such as condom use and early diagnosis are not used and are promoted. Although women perform as commuting, resting places can be strategic as health care sites