Identificação química e análise da atividade larvicida e de repelência do óleo essencial das folhas de Siparuma guianensis Aublet frente a Aedes aegypti Linnaeus

Abstract

From the earliest times medicinal plants are used for a wide variety of purposes in folk medicine, ranging from the treatment of a variety of diseases to use as repellents and insecticides, such as eucalyptus and citronella. Compounds from this species can act against vectors such as Aedes aegypti, which are capable of transmitting arboviruses such as: Dengue, Zika, Chikungunya and Febre Amarela, which in the current scenario are characterized as a serious public health problem. The objective of this work was to obtain and characterize the essential oil of Siparuna guianensis and to evaluate its larvicidal and repellent activity against Aedes aegypti. The aerial parts of the S. guianensis plant were used to extract the essential oil. The plant material was obtained in the municipality of Macapá, Amapá and the aerial parts of the species were used for the extraction of the essential oil. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and the chemical constituents identifications were performed by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-EM). Through the GC-EM, 78 compounds were identified in the essential oil, among them Terpinolene (68.27%) and α-Muurolol (10.61%) are the majority. The yield of essential oil was 0.83%. The results of the larvicidal bioassays indicated a mortality rate of 68.66%, 76.66%, 77.33%, 78.66%, and 85.33% at the concentrations of 40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 mg / L, respectively, during 48 hours. For the repellency bioassays an average of 5.00, 4.00, 4.33, 4.00, 3.66 and 2.33 landings was obtained in the respective times of 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes for the concentration of 1000 mg / L. According to the results, the essential oil of S. guianensis presents larvicidal action and a strong repellent action for the highest concentration studied