Relação entre variáveis meteorológicas e doenças respiratórias (asma e bronquite) em crianças na cidade de Macapá-AP

Abstract

The objective of the research was to analyze the relationship between meteorological variables (precipitation, air temperature and relative humidity) and respiratory diseases (asthma and bronchitis) in children 0 to 5 years old, the city of Macapá-AP in the period 2008-2012. The methodology for conducting the research developed in three main stages: literature, collection and processing of data and analysis of results. The latter two were designed to answer the questions / hypotheses of search. Para data analysis two applications (Software) and Excel BioEstat 5.0 were used. The study area of research is the urban area of Macapá, capital of the State of Amapá, located between latitudes 0 ° 06'04 .14 "N 0 ° 03'18 .08" S and longitude 51 ° 02'21 .40 "W 51 ° 07 '56.17 "W. We used the statistical method of analysis of correlation. The Correlation analysis provides a means to verify the degree of association between two or more variables. In this sense data of asthma and bronchitis with meteorological data were compared. In this research the parametric test "Pearson Linear Correlation" was used. This test is of broad application in biostatistics, where the values of X and Y variables are measured at the interval level or reasons. In the survey, we considered the classification of values of Pearson correlations as well as weak (0 ≤ r <0,19), weak (0,20 ≤ r <0,39), moderate (0,40 ≤ r <0, 69), strong (0,70 ≤ r <0,89) and very strong (0,90 ≤ r <1,00). In the descriptive analysis was possible to observe two distinct periods of occurrence of asthma and bronchitis. In the descriptive analysis it was found that 51% of asthma cases occurred in the rainy season (December to May) and bronchitis was more frequent in the dry season (54%). The values found in the correlation analyzes refute the hypothesis. The five years surveyed, only the years 2008 and 2012 showed significant correlations (strong or moderate) between variables