Estresse ocupacional em funcionários de um hospital de emergência no Amapá

Abstract

Objective: to analyze levels and profiles of occupational stress among healthcare workers at an emergency hospital in Macapá, Amapá, Brazil. Methodology: cross-sectional, observational, and analytical study with a quantitative approach, conducted with 54 healthcare workers, including physicians, nurses, and nursing technicians. A self administered sociodemographic and occupational questionnaire and the Job Stress Scale (JSS) were used, covering psychological demand, control, and social support. Results: the sample was predominantly female (79.6%) and mostly composed of nursing technicians (59.3%). The mean psychological demand score was 15.5, control was 20.6, and social support was 18.7. According to the demand-control model, 37.0% of participants were classified as having high demand and 66.7% as having low control. The most frequent occupational profile was passive work (48.1%), followed by high strain (18.5%), active work (18.5%), and low strain (14.8%). No statistically significant differences were observed in JSS scores according to sex or professional category, and no association was found between Karasek profiles and sociodemographic, clinical, or behavioral variables. Conclusions: the findings indicate a workplace characterized by fast pace, high technical requirements, and restricted decision autonomy, despite relatively favorable interpersonal support. Organizational interventions focused on workload redistribution, greater decision participation, and institutional mental health promotion strategies are recommended.