Avaliação do uso de programa de atividades físicas com exergames na qualidade de vida de pessoas com baixa visão do estado do Amapá – região da Amazônia Legal

Abstract

Exergames generate physical interaction with users and can represent a valuable technological tool to be explored to improve the quality of life of people with low vision. Objective: to evaluate the perception and quality of life through the Questionnaire The World Health Organization Quality of Life Bref (WHOQOL-bref) in 20 people with low vision before and after participation in a physical activities program with the exergames and their effects perceived after these activities. Methods: in relation to quantitative data, the characterization of the sample involved the statistical analysis of the data with the aid of software R (version 3.6.0). The Focus Group technique was used as a qualitative tool to investigate perceptions in relation to the applied activities. The analysis of the collected content occurred using the Bardin technique (2012) with the help of atlas.ti 7.5.16 software. Results: in relation to the effects perceived by the group, benefits, difficulties, physical, psychological motivations, social, environmental relations and differences in relation to other physical activities could be described as characteristics of this practice. On the comparison of the domains before and after the practice of the exergames, it was observed the increase of the means, with considerable increase of the physical (9.27 points and p-value=0.048) and improvement of quality of life (3.17 points and p-value=0.392). By correlating the sociodemographic variables with the domains, it was found: although not significant, there was a stronger correlation between the psychological domain and family income (p-value=0.076); greater increase in the social domain of those who declared higher family income (p-value=0.020); female gender with a higher mean tendency (59.10) than males (48.98) in the environment domain (p-value=0.036). After practicing with exergames, when correlating the variables family arrangement and physical domain (p-value=0.036), it was identified that the mean physical domain (73.81) was higher in people who had a family arrangement with partners and children and people with social security benefit presented an increase in the environment domain with an average of 6.53 compared to those who did not receive this resource (mean : -7,29). Regarding the overall quality of life, the mean was higher for females (69.40) and the psychological domain showed a higher mean for teachers (84.02). Conclusion: the practice of physical activity with the exergames, using the wii fit plus game, performed twice a week, for 50 minutes, for 12 sessions, provided improvement in the perceived quality of life in the physical, psychological aspects, social relations and the environment in people with low vision, above 12 years of age, pointing out the need for continued environmental intervention through interprofessional work in the accompaniment of these people. The practice also positively interfered in the social relations of the participants.