Índice de qualidade do ar do material particulado em suspensão no município de Macapá - AP

Abstract

The air is a fundamental element for human survival and for the maintenance of the planet, its composition has several characteristics and can be associated with various pollutants such as particulate matter in suspension in the air, which are a set of contaminants consisting of various sources and compositions that can be harmful to human health. Macapá is the capital of the state of Amapá and does not present studies on air quality in general; thus, the study aimed to investigate the air quality in the city of Macapá by analyzing the average suspended particulate matter and its air quality index. The development of the study relied on the collection of secondary data from the Purple Air system. This global program presents real-time data on several air quality parameters, including the main parameter for the research, which is particulate matter. After obtaining and analyzing the data from the Purple Air system, the CONAMA Resolution 491/2018, which establishes the national air quality standards, was used as the main basis. The resolution offers the IQAr (air quality index) calculation to demonstrate whether the analyzed air is within the appropriate standards for the population. After performing all the calculations and analyses, we obtained the following average results for the one-year period (11/2021 to 11/2022): 5.28 IQAr for PM of 1.0 µg/m3, 7.68 IQAr for PM of 2.5 µg/m3, and 4.32 IQAr for PM of 10 µg/m3. The IQAr results show that the air quality in Macapá is classified as good, and remains with the same standards in adverse weather conditions and seasons and taking into account temperature and humidity factors. However, the monitoring of air quality indicators should be carried out continuously in order to preserve control of the indexes. The monitoring of particulate matter is extremely important, taking into consideration the monitoring of several other pollutants for the well-being of human health.