Perfil clínico e sorológico da inaptidão de doadores de sangue no Hemocentro do estado do Amapá

Abstract

According to the National Hemotherapy Production Information System (Hemoprod), in In 2012, Brazil produced about 4.2 million blood components of donors, and performed approximately 3.5 million transfusion procedures. There was increased concern about ensuring transfusion safety, motivated by mainly due to the AIDS epidemic. The national average of clinical unfitness of candidates for blood donation according to the Hemoprod bulletin in 2013 was approximately 18.5%. The average value attributed to the national serological inability was 3.43% and among the markers of blood-borne diseases most related to serological inadequacy, were Anti-HBc, followed by Syphilis and HIV. However, data related to the clinical profile and serological status of candidates considered unfit for blood donation are still little explored in Brazilian studies, despite their special importance. The present study had in order to analyze the clinical and serological profile of the donation candidates considered unfit at the Blood Center of the State of Amapá from 2014 to 2016. This is a descriptive study, transversal, quantitative in nature. Data fed into the operating system was used Hemovida from the Blood Center of the State of Amapá, which were analyzed descriptively and presented in graphs and tables. The unfit candidate in the most frequent clinical screening in this study was female, aged between 29 and 65 years, performing replacement donation; the main cause of disability in clinical screening being low hematocrit, which may be related to the high frequency of unfit female donors, in which the hyperflow menstruation is the main cause of anemia in this group. While for the unfit in the serological screening was predominantly the male donor, aged between 29 and 65 years, unfit due to positive serology for hepatitis B, demonstrating the importance of public policies to control HBV infection in the region. Note the importance of careful clinical screening, considering that it excluded 30.72% of the candidates for donation in the period, thus avoiding unnecessary spending on donors with a high probability of having their bag excluded in the serological screening process, and also the relevance of serological screening be done properly, thus promoting the safety of the transfusion process.