Análise da vazão e do fluxo de sedimentos suspensos dos canais Norte e Sul do rio Amazonas

Abstract

The Amazon River has an annual drainage and discharge area that corresponds to 20% of the world's freshwater demand and represents 1/5 of all existing rivers. Due to the high variability of seasonal rainfall in the region, Rio has a period of flooding where the volume reaches an annual amplitude of 10 meters, but it also has a period of drought, and is classified into three types: white water rivers, black water and clear water rivers. In the transect integrated sampling campaigns, the hydrograph approaches developed by Richey et al. (2004) and the protocols described in the CAMREX project (Carbon Experiment on the Amazon River). SONTEK's ADCP-M9 RIVERSURVEYOR meter was used to measure channel flow and the American Public Health Association (APHA) techniques and methodologies were applied for sediment analysis. The north and south channels of the Amazon River presented flow values close to those presented by the same river when it flows into the Atlantic Ocean, with the maximum flow values presented during the flood period and the minimum values during the dry period. It was also observed that the flow of suspended sediments, at the sampling points, during the flood is greater than in the dry period, indicating the influence of seasonality in the quantification of these components and in spatiality.