O setor madeireiro no Município de Porto Grande, Amapá, Amazônia Oriental: extração e processamento de madeira nativa em floresta de terra firme

Abstract

The knowledge of the timber industry and local industries activity assists in the understanding of forestry in the Amazon and the need for forest conservationfromitssustainableuse.Inthisstudythewoodsectorsituation of the municipality of Porto Grande-AP was presented, to discuss the extraction and processing of native wood from the Amazon and the sustainable use of this resource by the local sector. Forms were applied to all saw mills and the data corresponded to the year of 2017, the informations collected were about: the raw material origin, volume of log processed, products and volumes awed, waste, markets, etc. Local timber traders were also interviewed and secondary data from different institutions were obtained. Six saw mills were found, which exert licensed activity, they processed 69.300 m3of logs, with an averageextractionof21m3/ha, mainly in land reform Settlement Projects (PA, Portuguese acronym). Only 36% of the wood processed in Porto Grande comes from the municipality itself, what indicates a limited supply in the nearest areas and displacement of the extraction front. This shows that this model dependent on lots of PA, without predicting anew cutting cycle, maybe closet o exhaustion. The productive yield (55%) of the sawmills was higher and incompatible with the maximum recently established by CONAMA(35%).There is no use of by-products and waste by most saw mills. Sawn wood is mainly exported to the Northeast of Brazil, for use in civil construction. In order to guarantee a better economic and environmental performance of the sector, it’s recommended that the saw mills search for new forest areas as sources of raw material, adhere to the forest certification market and use their waste for bioenergy generation. To the Government, it’s recommended the qualification of new areas as a source of the forest raw material, through actions that solve land defacements and promote the supply of public forests, as well as promoting the adhesion of timber companies to the certification market, through incentives such as reduction of licensing costs and simplification of the process by environmental agencies for certified management units