Fatores ambientais desencadeadores do estresse em acidentados de trânsito internados no Hospital de Emergência de Macapá/AP

Abstract

Traffic and accidents has been a subject much researched in Brazil and abroad because of their harmful consequences to individuals and organizations. When referring to traffic accident and hospitalization, stress is associated at different levels and times, thus compromising the individual's physical and emotional health. In view of these issues, the present study aimed to know about the environmental factors that trigger stress in traffic accidents hospitalized at the Emergency Hospital Osvaldo Cruz (HE) of Macapá / AP. The objective was to evaluate the environmental comfort parameters of hospitalization regarding temperature, carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and sound intensity as being one of the stress - triggering factors in hospitalized traffic accident victims. This is a descriptive, exploratory, cross-sectional study that used quantitative data from a sample of 72 patients. To obtain the data, a sociodemographic questionnaire, accident data, a semi-structured interview script, ISSL Adult Stress Symptom Inventory, Lipp. As for the evaluation of the hospital environment in which the injured person was exposed, the Thermo-hygro- CO2 meter (M 98132S) was used to measure the level of carbon gas (CO2) and temperature. To verify the sound intensity, the Dr. Meter-Sound Level Meter (MS10) was used. In inferential statistics, a multiple linear regression model and simple logistic regression were used to verify the influence of environmental variables on the level of stress in the patients. In all analyzes, the level of significance (α) was 5%, that is, p <0.05. There was a predominance of male victims (84.7%), aged between 18 and 29 years (67.4%), mostly motorcyclists (86%), civil status (43.1%) for stable union, schooling with full secondary education (33.3), income from a minimum wage (52.8%), Catholic religion (48.6%). Of the participants (75.0%) presented symptoms of stress, being (63.9%) with psychological predominance and (11.1%) physical. Regarding the stress phase, 27.9% (n = 20) were in the resistance phase, 20.8% (n = 15) in the near exhaustion phase, 19.4% (n = 14) in the alert phase, followed by 6.9% (n = 5) in the exhaustion phase and the remaining 25.0% (n = 18) had no stress. These results are consistent with other studies showing the need to implement preventive measures directed at young males, especially motorcyclists. As for comfort in both wards and corridors CO2 (above 1,000 ppm) in disagreement with current legislation, as well as temperature and sound intensity