Efeitos tóxicos da exposição ao glifosato e lipopolissacarídeo em Colossoma macropomum (characiforme: serrasalmidae) como modelo experimental aplicado às ciências da saúde

Abstract

Glyphosate-based herbicides are one of the most used worldwide, also increasing studies on toxicity over the decades. Several toxic effects to animals have been associated with the increasing use of glyphosate, bringing concern about soil pollution and water bodies. For aquatic animals, toxic effects were verified, including immunosuppression in teleosts caused by the herbicide, but there is a lack of scientific studies on the performance of glyphosate in animals challenged with pathogens, given that with contamination by glyphosate-based herbicides it can be added to contamination by gram-negative bacteria, which have lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the cell wall, which gives them virulence and toxicity. Thus, the present work evaluated the hematological toxic effects related to co-exposure of Glyphosate and LPS, consisted of a bioassay with 96 juveniles of Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) separated into four experimental groups in triplicate: CTRL group (control), Glyphosate group, LPS group and Glyphosate+LPS group. static with collections performed after 24h and 96h of exposure, in which blood was collected Respiratory Burst, Erythogram and Total and Differential Indirect White Cell Count were performed. According to the results obtained, it was possible to identify the exposed group to the herbicide, a decrease in hemoglobin and in PAS positive special granular leukocytes (LG-PAS). For LPS, a reduction at 24h and an increase at 96h in total leukocytes was observed. reduction in respiratory burst, LG-PAS at 24h and 96h, increase in hematocrit and erythrocytes at 96h. In the group exposed to the herbicide and LPS, a reduction in Monocytes and LG-PAS at 24h and 96h, in addition to an increase in the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) at 96h, with this it is possible to infer that the glyphosate-based herbicide is not very toxic, but when added to an immunological challenge, it causes changes in the immune response of the species Colossoma macropomum