Microalgas bioindicadoras da qualidade de água de balneários da Fazendinha e Laranjal do Jari - AP

Abstract

Microalgae are the base of the food chain in aquatic environments. The impacts caused naturally or by man promote changes in the physical and chemical parameters of this environment and can directly interfere with its distribution and diversity. Microalgae have a great environmental value, as they act as bioindicators, being an important tool to analyze water quality. This study aimed to verify the species of microalgae present in two watering places in Amapá. The first located in Fazendinha and the second in Laranjal do Jari. Some water parameters physical and chemical were collected as dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC), pH and temperature. The samples was colected in August 2022, during the Amazonian summer. A phytoplankton were analyzed in the laboratory. After observation under an optical microscope and comparison of the two sites, more species of cyanobacteria were identified in Fazendinha watering place (Macapá), while in Recanto Ecológico Hiara watering place (Laranjal do Jari), there wasn’t cyanobacteria. According to the specialized literature, cyanobacteria are associated with more impacted environments, while some groups of chlorophytes, such as desmids, indicate an appropriate water quality. The two environments presented different species. The watering place located closer to the capital had species that indicate a more impacted environment and the beach resort further away had species that indicate a more preserved aquatic environment. This result is in agreement with the specialized literature and contributes to use of microalgae as bioindicators of water quality.