Os movimentos sociais no sul do Amapá: a trajetória do Conselho Nacional das Populações Extrativistas

Abstract

Social movements have actively participated in the social transformations that have taken place in the country through the collective organization of workers for their demands. In the south of Amapá the extractivists joined the National Council of Extractive Populations (CNS) and were able to gain possession of their territories through protected areas. This study presents the trajectory of the social movement of the peasants of southern Amapá as a constitution of a collective subject formed by extractivists and their organization from 1990 to 2016. The method used is Marx's historical-dialectical materialism by the work The German Ideology, because it understands that class struggles and social organization play a preponderant role in the analysis of the chosen object. The study is composed of a bibliographical survey for the historical and conceptual basis of the social movements of the countryside and for the voices of the extractivist leadership constituted, with emphasis on the women subjects and peasant youth. The empirical research was conducted through interviews with ten organizational leaders of the CNS and other social organizations of the communities, with representatives of the National Sector and State Sectors (youth and women), associations and communities. The results of this work respond to the questions related to the challenges faced in the political organization of the peasants, throw light on the crisis experienced during the period and the articulations of the youth and extractive women by their demands. After the delimitation of the extractive areas, social movements in southern Amapá faced several difficulties that fragmented their political organization, undermined the renewal of their base and impelled the empowerment and emergence of a new generation of leaders. The study presents the genesis of an original social movement built by the extractive peasants and makes the segments of youth and women visible as active collective subjects in southern Amapá