Avaliação do potencial larvicida de ácidos graxos obtidos do resíduo do destilado de desodorização do óleo de palma

Abstract

Throughout the twentieth century and today, the Brazilian population has been suffering from the problem of the appearance of various diseases caused by the vector Aedes aegypti, such as dengue and zika virus. These diseases are transmitted by the aforementioned mosquito through the blood meal of females that carry the virus. One of the ways used to control the vector is using chemical substances. These substances are formulated from compounds such as organochlorines, organophosphates and pyrethroids. These compounds, because they are used quite frequently, create populations of vectors resistant to their exacerbated use, which can be harmful to the environment and non-target organisms. For this reason, the Amazon region becomes an important natural source with the presence of numerous plants that produce various vegetable oils. Among the various oils that exist, there is palm oil and its refining process, the palm oil deodorization distillate, which can be used for applications such as lubricants, animal feed and oleochemicals. In view of these arguments, the present work had as its main objective to evaluate the larvicidal potential of fatty acids present in the residue of the distillate of palm oil deodorization in Aedes larvae. aegypti. The palm oil deodorization distillate was characterized by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Thus, larvicidal tests were performed on 3rd stage larvae of Ae. aegypti of ethyl esters together with standard fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, myristic, oleic and lauric), with concentrations of (15; 7.5; 5; 2.5 and 1 μg/mL), under controlled conditions. Finally, the morphological analysis was also performed to find out the damage caused to the respective larvae by the material used (DDOP) as well as the fatty acids. The obtained results demonstrate that the residue of DDOP can be an economically promising alternative as a natural larvicide against the larvae of the mosquito of Ae. aegypti