Correlação entre estresse ocupacional, satisfação no trabalho e qualidade de vida em trabalhadores de uma maternidade pública

Abstract

Professional work in health area exposes workeres to situations, sometimes harmful, that can contribute to the precariousness of health and quality of life. Objective: To correlate occupational stress, work satisfaction and quality of life of workers at a public maternity. Materials and Method: a cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study, whose final sample comprised 199 state public servers, of both sexes, in different age groups and professional categories, in full exercise of their labor activities at the Hospital da Mulher Mãe Luzia, in the city of Macapá (AP). Four research instruments were used: sociodemographic questionnaire, Job Stress Scale, Work Satisfaction Questionnaire S20/23 and World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, in short version. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's T test and Pearson's Correlation, with stepwise selection of variables, statistical significance at 5%. It was used SPSS® software, version 22.0. Results: Most of workers was female (84.2%), in age group of 30 to 39 years (40.7%), married (42.7%) and doing physical activity (50.8%). As for schooling, they were graduated (61.8%), reported income range up to four minimum salaries (53.3%) and reported having two or more jobs (53.7%); they have been working in HMML for less than seven years (67.3%) and have a weekly workload from 21 to 30 hours (79.4%). They reported no exposure to job stress (72.4%) and reported dissatisfaction (75.4%). The general quality of life level showed a mean of 65.62±12.45. Regression analysis showed statistical significance between occupational stress exposure and overall job satisfaction (p=0.026) and professional category (p<0.001). Work satisfaction was associated to level of quality of life (p<0.001), number of jobs (p=0.019) and occupational stress exposure (p=0.01). Quality of life was associated to sex male (p=0.022), income (p=0.004), job satisfaction (p <0.001) and workload (p=0.011). There was no association between exposure to occupational stress and quality of life. The correlations between job satisfaction and general quality of life, and their dimensions, were all positive and statistically significant. Conclusion: The quality of life of workers in a public maternity hospital was associated to socio-demographic characteristic - sex male - and occupational characteristics - work hours, income and level of job satisfaction. Therefore, it may be possible to promote improvement in the quality of life of workers through the adjustment of work conditions relating to the environment and organizing work process