Estudo comparativo de duas técnicas de terapia fotodinâmica na descontaminação alveolar pós-exodontia: ensaio clínico randomizado

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a technique that consists in the production of reactive oxygen species capable of rendering cells and microorganisms unfeasible, from the combination of a photosensitizer, light and tissue oxygen, thus having application in the various health areas. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effects of two photodynamic therapy techniques on reducing the bacterial load of alveoli after extraction. The first technique associated the photosensitizer (FS) curcumin to the blue LED light source (CUR + LED) and the second associated the blue methylene FS to the low power Red Laser (AM + LASER). The study was performed in 20 patients who had indication of exodontia, being divided into two groups (n = 10). For the CUR + LED group, the exodontia was performed, followed by drip therapy of curcumin FS and photoactivation with LED (470nm). For the AM + LASER group after the exodontia was carried out the therapy with methylene blue drip followed by irradiation of the Red Laser (660nm). To evaluate the decontaminating effect of each technique, a microbiological analysis was performed before and after the therapy. The collections were made with the aid of paper cone that was inserted inside the alveolus. In the laboratory, the collected samples were diluted in buffered saline solution to be seeded in blood agar and kept in a bacteriological incubator at 37ºC for 24 hours, then counting the Colony Forming Units (CFU) with the help of a magnifying glass in a counter under light. The reduction between both groups was significant, being 69.00% for the CUR + LED group and 66.99% for the AM + LASER group (p <0.05). These results indicate that the two PDT techniques tested were shown to be effective methods for microbial reduction