Resíduos sólidos dos serviços de saúde do Hospital Estadual de Oiapoque - HEO Amapá: destino e impactos à saúde humana

Abstract

The management of municipal solid waste and, among these, health care waste, has set up a constant concern for policy makers, mainly because there is a possible risk of spread of disease and environmental impacts by improper management of these materials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the destination, the treatment and the possible environmental impacts from the generation of solid waste in health services from the State Hospital in Oiapoque (HEO) in 2015. This study was characterized, on the approach, and qualitatively. Sampling was carried out the census type, using all hospital servers, including outsourced (N = 60) and for the residents also estimated up a census totaling 120 residents (N = 120). To obtain the data forms containing objective questions were used (descriptors) about the waste management procedures. Data were tabulated with Excel software for descriptive and inferential analysis. After analyzing the results it was found that no Health Services Waste Management Program in HEO. There is no treatment of solid waste services before disposal, and there is no company responsible for this procedure. The procedures for collection and external transport of RSS are performed by Oiapoque Prefecture improperly. The survey revealed that there is a risk to human health especially the workers who make the external collection and disposal of materials, since they have no proper equipment and vehicles for this purpose. The environmental risk was evident due to non sealing of the cells in the area "landfill" which, given the current location of the final disposal of waste area, can lead to contamination of the water collection points for human consumption that supply the city Oiapoque. It is inferred although the proliferation of vectors of infectious diseases such as flies and mosquitoes of the Anopheles and Aedes genera may be related to inadequate management of municipal solid waste, as evidenced by the growing number of reported cases of malaria, dengue and Chikungunya fever, beyond meeting increasingly recurring cases of acute diarrhea among residents. We conclude that there is inadequate both in management, and in the disposal of health care waste in the State Hospital of Oiapoque