A influência do ambiente e das condições de trabalho na qualidade de vida e estresse em trabalhadores de um centro de atenção psicossocial em Macapá - AP

Abstract

The adverse conditions of the work environment expose the worker to the risk of illness and work stress, affecting several areas of his life and directly interfering in his quality of life. This exposure is inherent to mental health services, due to the environment and the situations that develop in them, potentially risky and stressful, with influences on physical-mental health and work practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the environment and working conditions on quality of life and stress in workers at a Psychosocial Care Center - CAPS. This is a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional research, applied to 38 (thirty-eight) workers from CAPS “Gentileza”, in the municipality of Macapá. Data were collected using the following instruments: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Environment Profile and Working Conditions Scale (PACT), Job Stress Scale (JSS) and World Health Organization Quality of Life – Bref (WHOQOL-Bref). For data analysis, descriptive statistical measures were used. In the inferential analysis of group comparison, non-parametric tests were used. For the correlation analysis, Spearman's correlation coefficient was used. The results showed a predominance of brown workers, mean age 40.7 years, female, complete higher education, mean time in the profession 12.8 years and length of service at the CAPS 3.8 years, nursing area. In the perception of the environment and working conditions, the domains of physical environment and remuneration and benefits were the components with the highest negative perception, while the domains of social environment and social relevance of work showed a greater positive perception. The study showed the exposure of most workers to occupational stress, due to the combination of psychological demand and control over work, based on the results: high wear at work (high demand and low control) and passive work (low demand and low control). In terms of quality of life, the social domain obtained the highest average and the general quality of life of workers was assessed as good. As for the correlations observed between the variables of the instruments and the conditions of the environment and work, stress and quality of life, it was found that as the social environment improves, social support increases, and as compensation and benefits improve there an improvement in the quality of life of workers in all its aspects. It is concluded that despite the structural and environmental conditions showing themselves to generate environmental discomfort, most of the workers had a good capacity for work, due to the social environment and the social relevance of the work to act as support and support for workers to deal with the difficulties of the work environment, affecting their lifestyle, functional capacity, health and quality of life, and the collective factors related to the organization of work. Structural and ergonomic intervention strategies are recommended for the CAPS, incorporating prevention, promotion, rehabilitation and surveillance measures for workers' health within the scope of SUS, which contribute to the improvement of the environment and working conditions.