Síntese enzimática de amidas graxas derivadas do óleo de Bertholletia excelsa (castanha do Brasil) e avaliação da atividade anti-inflamatória

Abstract

Introduction: Fatty amides are one of the most studied endocannabinoids because of their versatility in biological activities such as analgesic, antimicrobial, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer. FA can be synthesized from the fatty ester with an alkanolamine derivative in the presence of a heterogeneous or enzymatic catalyst, in which case the reaction usually involves two steps at high temperatures with incomplete product formation, which increases the cost of production and consequently, require further purification steps. An alternative to these problems is the direct aminolysis of the triglycerides of the oil via enzymatic catalysis. Objectives: Therefore, the objective was to obtain fatty amides from Brazil nut oil (Bertholletia excelsa) via enzymatic synthesis and to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the obtained product. Methodology: FAs were obtained by biocatalysis with LPF (10-15%) and substrates such as BNO (1 ml) and ethanolamine (3 ml ~ 2.166 mg); GC-MS, C13 NMR and antioxidant tests with DPPH were performed. The acute toxicity test followed the OECD Guideline 423 protocol. Male animals were separated into four groups (n = 3), and treated with: Vehicle (0.5 ml / animal); FA20 (20 mg / kg); FA40 (40 mg / kg); BNO100 (100 mg / kg). Results and discussion: The best yields in FA synthesis were obtained in reactions 4a and 5b (91% and 98% with 15% and 10% lipase, respectively). Inhibition of the DPPH radical, compared to the ascorbate standard, was quite significant for the FA, whereas BNO and EEFA did not show activity. In the anti-inflammatory analysis did not observe significant difference BNO and FA, however, this showed a greater anti-inflammatory potency. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that FA of BNO can be produced by direct aminolysis with yields above 90% using P. fluorescens lipase and is an attractive amide grease for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity.