Caracterização dos conflitos de pesca na zona costeira do Amapá: uma abordagem multidimensional

Abstract

Coastal zones are marked by highly complex socio-environmental conflicts involving the use of fishing resources. In coastal areas, artisanal fishing is attached to the objective conditions of social reproduction, access to food and income, and knowledge involving traditional populations. This practice, hence, contrasts with other categories of fishing, such as industrial fishing, leading to fishery conflicts in complex interactions between various social actors. As a highly productive region for fishery, the Amazon coast has a complex context in terms of use and appropriation of fishery resources. We aimed to identify, characterize, and propose an analysis of the conflicts in the Amazon coastal zone within the state of Amapá, Brazil. We identified conflicts in three cities of the coastal region of Amapá: Oiapoque, Calçoene and Amapá. The data was obtained from workshops involving fishermen linked to organized fishermen colonies. We measured the temporal factor of the conflict, the scale of development of the conflict and the social actors involved. Then, we constructed conceptual maps of the actors characterized in each conflict. In addition, considering all the dimensions measured, a PCoA (Principal Coordinates Analysis) analysis was carried out to determine the multidimensional differences in conflicts between cities. Our results point to significant differences in conflicts of the same nature in the different cities of the coastal zone of Amapá state. This information implies that regional actions may not be very effective in resolving conflicts and that local-scale specific solutions are more appropriate, taking into account the singularities of each conflict.