Análise de fatores relacionados com a segurança alimentar junto à mulheres associadas da AMPAFOZ, Mazagão, Amapá

Abstract

Food is important for the functioning of metabolism and energy generation for performing the vital functions of the body. The objective of this work was to investigate the factors related to food security with women contemplated by the Food Acquisition Program (PAA) and the National School Feeding Program (PNAE) and associates of the Association of Women Agroextractive Producers of Foz do Rio Mazagão Velho (AMPAFOZ), in the municipality of Mazagão, Amapá. The methodology comprised four stages: a) bibliographic survey; b) field research (food profile of families - semi-structured questionnaires); c) determination of dietary parts according to the Table for Evaluation of Food Intake in Homemade Measures and d) quantification of nutritional concentration according to the recommendations of the Brazilian Table of Food Composition. The predominance of two food profiles was observed, one based on the consumption of local food resources (sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.), tapioca gum (Manihot esculenta Crantz), açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), fish and fruits and vegetables collected in the forest or cultivated in the gardens), and in the other profile it was observed the "invasion" of urban eating habits, based on the consumption of cookies, rice (Oryza sativa L.), beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and chicken acquired in the local trade. The intake of these foods occurs daily, for breakfast, lunch, afternoon snack and dinner. It was found that these foods are sources of essential nutrients to the body; however, the practice of physical activities among the population studied is insipid, they perform sporadic physical exercises only during work and agricultural activities, so that, according to the body mass index (BMI) analysis of these individuals, it was possible to observe the occurrence of overweight in 68.2% of the interviewees, while 31.8% of them have this index within the range acceptable by the World Health Organization (WHO). Considering the foods found and the predominance of two food profiles, it is possible to affirm that there is a relative change in the eating habits of some families, factors influenced by the profile of family income, availability of their labor, and frequency of going to urban centers.