Fatores socioeconômicos, dor, funcionalidade e qualidade de vida em pacientes com dor lombar crônica: um estudo transversal

Abstract

This study investigated the relationships between pain, functional capacity, and quality of life in 20 participants diagnosed with low back pain, also examining the influence of sociodemographic factors. Non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis) and a non-parametric mediation model were applied. Results indicated that participants with lower household income reported higher pain intensity, while marital status and occupation were associated with functionality. Although group differenees did not reach statistical significance after multiple corrections, a tendency toward greater functional limitation was observed among participants in conditions of socioeconomic vulnerability. The mediation model demonstrated that the impact of pain on quality of life occurs indirectly, mediated by functional capacity. These findings reinforce the biopsychosocial model of low back pain and highlight the need for integrated therapeutic approaches that consider both clinical and contextual factors.