Caracterização do manejo de suínos em propriedades rurais no município de Mazagão – Amapá, Brasil

Abstract

Pig farming is a well-established cattle-raising activity in Brazil, with a fast-growing domestic market with an average annual turnover of R $ 12 billion, generating approximately 2 million jobs and income for rural properties. Brazil is the fourth largest producer and exporter of pork, in view of the use of efficient technology in genetics, nutrition, sanitation, management, facilities and equipment. The state of Amapá concentrates on average 33 pig heads per establishment, while Pará concentrates only 14 animals per property, followed by Rondônia and Tocantins with an average of 11 animals per property. The objective of this work is to characterize pig management in the municipality of Mazagão - Amapá, where 12 pig farms were visited in the municipality of Mazagão. The methods used for the research were an open questionnaire with the term of free clarification and the data were allocated in an Excel worksheet and submitted to statistical analysis for this case. The results obtained from the municipality showed that the swine activity is still very focused on family agriculture, in which the total number of animals found were 664 animals, being divided into 366 animals, adult males 49 animals, adult female 120 animals, reproductive male 11 animals and female reproductive 118 animals. the average arithmetic weight of the pups was 14 kg, adult males 132 kg and females 102 kg male reproducers 177 kg and female reproducers 119 kg, among the most commonly used breeds in the crosses are the Landrace breeds and Duroc, due to being more rustic animals and adapted to the region, its nutrition presents / displays a range of foods that go from the pasture, balanced ration and remnants of fruits and vegetables. Annals are created extensively, where there is no adequate zootechnical and sanitary control; the marketing is done through the sale of live and slaughtered pigs, which depending on the weight and category the price varies. It is concluded that despite the swine activities in the municipality of Mazagão, to be developed for several years the managements developed by the owners are still very archaic, demonstrating that the producers have few zootechnical knowledge in the area, not to mention that the technical assistance almost does not exist. However, there is a great need for the public power to provide training and technical assistance to producers encouraging better use of technologies in their production, and highlighting the clandestine killing that takes place within the properties that endanger public health