Prevalência e fatores associados à incontinência urinária em corredoras: resultados parciais de um Survey Study

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary incontinence (UI) is the most common pelvic floor dysfunction among women. In recent decades, there has been a significant increase in female participation in highimpact sports such as running, raising questions about a possible association between athletic activity and the onset of UI. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of UI and its associated factors in Brazilian female runners. Methods: This was an observational, prospective, crosssectional open survey study. The sample included female runners from all regions of Brazil. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, obstetric variables and those related to urinary leakage were collected. The QUID-Br and ICIQ-SF questionnaires were used. Statistical analysis was performed using Jamovi software through logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of UI was 8.62%, with a predominance of the mixed subtype (85%). The number of pregnancies was the only factor significantly associated with UI (OR = 19.13; 95% CI: 1.073341; p = 0.045). Anthropometric variables and those related to running practice showed no significant association. UI had a moderate to severe impact on the quality of life (QoL) of affected individuals, according to the ICIQ-SF. Nevertheless, no participant reported that UI interfered with their sports practice. Conclusion: UI is present among female runners and is primarily associated with obstetric factors, particularly the number of pregnancies. Although it was not considered a barrier to sports practice by the participants, the condition may negatively affect QoL. However, other variables analyzed in the present study did not show a statistically significant association with the development of UI. Therefore, sports practice should continue to be encouraged, with special attention to the monitoring of pelvic floor health. Future longitudinal studies are necessary to deepen the understanding of this topic and to guide preventive interventions.