Correlação entre sinistros de trânsito e parâmetros geométricos de rodovias. Estudo de caso: rodovia BR-156 - tronco Norte

Abstract

Traffic accidents represent one of the greatest challenges to public health and road safety globally. The so-called "curvas da morte" (death curves), a term popularly used to describe horizontal curves with a high incidence of fatal accidents, reflect this issue, often resulting from poorly planned or executed engineering projects. These failures lead to severe consequences for both the health of those involved and society. An example of this reality is BR-156, one of the main access roads for most municipalities in the state of Amapá, whose infrastructure is incomplete, with some paved sections and others still in poor condition. In this context, this research aims to investigate the correlation between the geometric parameters of road alignment and traffic accidents, focusing on the northern trunk of BR-156. The study was carried out through an in depth analysis of the planimetric alignment of the highway using Autodesk Civil 3D software, modeling the alignment of the most critical segments to identify road elements that do not comply with norms. In addition, accident reports from the PRF (“Polícia Rodoviária Federal”) were analyzed to correlate the recorded incidents with possible geometric failures of the roadway, highlighting the impact of road alignment on traffic safety. This analysis was crucial for identifying Tartarugalzinho as the municipality with the highest severity rate of accidents, even detecting the points where horizontal alignment is directly responsible for the occurrence of these incidents.