Levantamento de manifestações patológicas em fachadas: estudo de caso de um conjunto de edificações residenciais

Abstract

With the evolution of the materials and the accelerated growth of the civil construction, many constructive artifacts allowed the constructions to be much more dynamic and in the case of facing of façades one can see that they have become much more decorative and well elaborated. However, many of these facades began to present pathological manifestations in your first years of life and this goes according to the form that had executed the construction, not respecting, probably, what was projected. With this, we see the relevance of the theme when it is verified that the buildings that do not have the facades in the structural patterns cause aesthetic discomfort and decrease of the durability and useful life of the structure. Therefore, this work has the objective of mapping and quantifying the pathological manifestations of the buildings using a methodology developed by the Laboratory of Material Testing (LTM) - UnB , adapted, divided into data collection, data treatment and diagnosis and also propose solutions for the pathological manifestations found in order to improve the performance and its durability. The methodology is applied in 13 buildings located in the city of Macapá, State of Amapá, whose data were obtained through in situ surveys, and from this information it was possible to diagnose in a detailed way the pathological manifestations with the highest occurrence that were: fissures, manchamentos, disintegration and stripping of paint, correlating with the possible causes of these manifestations. It was also possible to say where these manifestations were found most frequently according to the regions of analysis based on the methodology of Gaspar and Brito (2005), concluding that the openings and the continuous walls were the ones that presented the greatest number of manifestations from the analysis of all the buildings studied. With this diagnosis it is possible to seek more precise information about the pathological manifestations and thus serve as a basis for the non-occurrence of these problems in existing and future constructions.