Diagnóstico de drenagem urbana: uma análise do bairro Perpétuo Socorro em Macapá-AP

Abstract

Urbanization has significantly altered the hydrological behavior of cities, mainly due to soil impermeabilization, which reduces infiltration and increases surface runoff. This process contributes to the overloading of urban drainage systems, leading to flooding, environmental degradation, and public health impacts. The lack or inadequacy of drainage infrastructure, combined with uncontrolled urban expansion, occupation of flood-prone areas, and insufficient maintenance, further aggravates this situation. Additionally, changes in urban watershed dynamics result in higher peak flows and shorter response times, increasing the frequency and severity of flood events. Traditional drainage models, based on the rapid conveyance of stormwater, have proven insufficient, as they often transfer the problem downstream without addressing its source. Therefore, more recent approaches emphasize sustainable drainage solutions that focus on source control, promoting infiltration, retention, and storage of stormwater. In the city of Macapá, these issues are particularly evident, especially in densely urbanized areas, highlighting the need for technical assessments to support effective intervention strategies and improvements in urban drainage systems.