Benefícios e desafios da construção modular para a construção civil: um estudo comparativo entre duas obras públicas no Amapá

Abstract

This work aims to analyze the challenges and limitations for the adoption of modular construction in public works in the state of Amapá. Modular construction has gained space in the Brazilian market for its ability to combine innovation, technology, and sustainability in the construction process, generating more productivity and efficiency. However, cultural resistance and higher initial investment can limit its application in public works. The research adopts a qualitative and quantitative approach, using document analysis and direct observations as the main data collection methods. Cost indicators (total cost, cost/m², and cost/day) and time indicators (real time, stage time, and time saved) were generated from information obtained in the bidding processes of the analyzed works, taking into account costs with labor, materials, equipment, taxes, deadlines for completion of the service, among other factors. In the cost indicator, modular construction had a total cost of R$ 1,200,000.00, while conventional construction cost R$ 825,236.98 with an addendum of R$ 43,117.00, totaling R$ 868,353.98. Modular construction had a cost 38.16% higher than conventional construction, considering the addendum. In the time indicator, modular construction had a significant advantage over conventional construction, with a real time of 48 days, while conventional construction, in the best of scenarios, took 120 days. Therefore, it can be concluded that modular construction presents benefits in terms of reducing deadlines, with 60% efficiency over conventional construction. However, cultural resistance and high initial investment can limit the adoption of modular construction in the region. This study aims to provide relevant information and comparisons for the local community and companies about the use of modular construction methods, contributing to a careful evaluation of this constructive alternative, especially in situations where cost is not the determining factor in decision-making.