Análise preliminar comparativa de custos entre o sistema construtivo em painéis monolíticos de EPS e a alvenaria convencional, aplicada a projeto desenvolvido em ambiente BIM

Abstract

The housing deficit, the high consumption of natural resources, and the intense generation of polluting waste from the construction industry motivate the development of this study, whose objective is to carry out a comparative economic analysis between the conventional construction method using masonry and reinforced concrete and the construction system with monolithic EPS panels. The study aims to consolidate potentially more efficient construction methodologies, considering direct costs, characteristics of materials, and overall system performance. The comparison is conducted through digital modeling developed on the Revit platform, using BIM process resources for the quantification and extraction of construction inputs. The research analyzes the construction process of each system separately, as well as general concepts related to BIM and cost estimating and quantity takeoff procedures. The adopted methodology consisted of developing two BIM models of the same single family residence, differing only in the construction system used: one employing EPS panels and the other following the conventional method. Based on these models, the quantities of materials required for each construction methodology were extracted, enabling the measurement of concrete, steel, masonry blocks, EPS panels, structural mortar, and other components. From these quantities, a summarized cost estimate spreadsheet was prepared, based on SINAPI reference prices and unit cost compositions appropriate to each system. The results indicate that, for the analyzed residence and considering only the exclusive elements of each system—foundation, structure, enclosure, and roofing—the construction method with monolithic EPS panels presents an approximate cost reduction of 19,5% compared to the conventional system. This result highlights the potential of the EPS system as a viable alternative for similar single-family residential constructions, even without considering reductions in construction time, waste generation, and environmental impacts.